Version Control System
Version Control System （版本控制系统： NAME OF TRANSLATORS）
Version Control
Version Control （版本控制）
Definition
Version control is a system that allows the software team to manage changes to the source code over time. This software tool makes it easier for developers to collaborate on different projects separating their tasks through branches. It also gives the possibility to turn back to earlier versions for comparing and fixing the mistakes if needed. （版本控制是一个允许软件团队随时间管理源代码更改的系统。此软件工具使开发人员能够更轻松地在不同项目上进行协作，通过分支分离他们的任务。如果需要，它还可以返回到早期版本进行比较和修复错误。）
Importance
The points mentioned above are especially important for developer-oriented work, as it enables multiple developers or teams to work separately without having an impact on the work of others. It helps to build, test and integrate features in a tractable manner. （上述要点对于面向开发人员的工作尤为重要，因为它使多个开发人员或团队能够单独工作，而不会对其他人的工作产生影响。它有助于以易于处理的方式构建、测试和集成功能。）
Version Control Systems
Version Control Systems （版本控制系统）
Definition
Version Control Systems (VCS) also known as SCM (Source Code Management) or RCS (Revision Control System) are software tools for keeping track of changes to the source code over time. （版本控制系统（ VCS ）也称为SCM （源代码管理）或RCS （修订控制系统）是用于跟踪源代码随时间变化的软件工具。）
Types of Version Control Systems
Generally, there are three types of version control systems software teams choose. They are:
Local Version Control Systems Local VCSs were created to prevent issues such as confusing the directories and accidentally writing or copying to the wrong file. It is a simple database that keeps all the changes to files under revision control. One of the most popular VCS tools was a system called Revision Control System (RCS), which is still distributed today, although being an earlier version control system. It allows users to make their revisions of a document, commit changes, and merge them. RCS was originally developed for programs but is also useful for text documents or configuration files that are frequently revised.
Centralized Version Control Systems In centralized systems, all the versioned files, as well as a number of clients that check out files from that central place, are included in a single server. For many years, this has been the standard for version control. Centralized Version Control Systems are CVS, Subversion, and Perforce.
Distributed Version Control Systems In Distributed Version Control Systems (DVCS), clients fully mirror the repository, including its full history. If the server that these systems were collaborating with dies, the client repositories can be copied back up to the server to restore it. Distributed Version Control Systems are Git, Mercurial, Bazaar or Darcs.
Benefits of Version Control Systems
Benefits of Version Control Systems （版本控制系统的优势）
The primary benefits of Version Control Systems are the following:
Long-term change history
（长期变更历史记录） The changes made by developers, including the creating, （开发人员所做的更改，包括创建，） modification, and deletion of files over the years, can be seen in （多年来文件的修改和删除，可以在） history. It will allow going back to the previous version for （历史记录。它将允许返回到以前的版本） analyzing bugs and fixing problems. （分析漏洞和修复问题。）
Branching and merging
（分支和合并） Branching helps work in an independent manner and not interfere with （分支有助于以独立的方式工作，不会干扰） each other’s work. Merging brings the works together and allows （彼此的工作。合并将作品整合在一起，并允许） seeing if there are conflicts between those works. （看看这些作品之间是否存在冲突。）
Traceability
（可追溯性） Ability to trace each change and connect it to project management （能够跟踪每个变更并将其与项目管理相关联） and bug tracking software, as well as to annotate each change with a （和漏洞跟踪软件，以及使用） message describing the purpose of the change. （描述变革目的的消息。）